Truth Magazine

By Irven Lee

I, at age seventy-two, spend a lot more time sitting and lying around than I did the first sixty ‘years of life. Work, either physical or mental, is done by use of will power. The temptation is just to sit.

My three little books have been written as well as several articles and tracts during these lazy years, and a few hundred meetings have been conducted in several states. The writings and sermons are not masterpieces to be treasured in the coming centuries, but there is joy in the belief that they have counted for something in our day.

There is danger in getting old as a gospel preacher. There have been those who have been loved and honored as faithful men and have stayed on year after year preaching to these friends until a loss of energy, senility, lack of patience, and other things that often come with age destroy one’s usefulness. Preaching is not a work in which one gets better and better until the day of death. It is sad to see an able and faithful preacher live on and continue to preach until he brings the church in his community to a very weakened condition.

Is there a time for a preacher to give up regular work and realize that he has had his day of life? Of course, there is! There may even come a time when he should go to a nursing home unless he can first be blessed by the crossing of the river of death into Paradise itself. Death to a Christian is far better than the suffering, frustration, and pain that come to many in their last years (read Phil. 1:20-24; 2 Tim. 4:6-8; Eccl. 3:1-8). Let us prepare to face death as one who wraps the drapery of his couch about him and lies down to pleasant dreams.

Must an elder pretend that he is still an elder until he has lost touch with reality and cannot any longer take proper oversight of the flock? Older saints who are still active mentally and physically have much they can contribute to the church and to individuals, and they should be used and honored. They should, by all means, honor and encourage the devout young people. There should never be a time for an unhappy &&generation gap.”

Some brethren who are past eighty are still going strong and doing much good. Even they must surely realize that there is a limit to what they can do. If one lives on and on there will of necessity come to be a slower pace. Professional athletes have wonderful strength, but their work requires this almost super human strength, so they retire early. We all reach that point when we must step aside. Will we be (are we) capable of realizing that it is almost sundown?

Usefulness in the vineyard of the Lord demands knowledge, wisdom, patience, and freedom from envy, jealousy, pride, and stubbornness. it is beyond my power now to learn as fast as I forget. More than fifty years ago I had several courses in math and physical sciences, but that does not mean that I am a great student or even an ordinary student of physics. Some passages of Scripture that have been read or quoted hundreds of times must now be hunted and reviewed to be properly used. The Lord knows our limits and so should we.

Some who could not get a job in the work place can take care of their own yards at their own slow pace. We should be alert enough to realize that in a similar way we may not be the able preachers and elders we would like to be, but we may find a work somewhere that we can do at our slower pace.

Some young people are too eager to be called preachers when their neighbors can plainly see that they are not mature enough to take that special task of feeding the flock regularly. Some of us older men may need help in seeing that in our second childhood we are not mature enough to be left with the responsibility of feeding the flock regularly. I hope that I can find a willing heart within me when brethren see that I should be laid on the shelf.

From where I sit I can see the possibility of blindness, senility, and extreme weakness of body. The “alternative” looks much better. Older people often keep the power to recall the “good old days.” Some things we recall may not be that good, but many of us can recall many things that are pleasant. Beautiful pictures on memory’s wall are pleasant to see as I sit in my recliner. May the Lord help me to remember the debt of gratitude I owe my Lord, my wife and children, my brethren, and the happy privilege of living in this beautiful world. “How beautiful heaven must be! “

Are we honest when we say, “Fine, thank you”? We may hurt, feel tired, have trouble seeing or remembering, but people who ask how we feel are not asking for a complete health report. We may be doing fine in comparison to what many face. We are fortunate to be able to dress ourselves and get out and do our bit of satisfying work. Some of us suffer little pain. Is this not “fine”? Yes, I am fine, thank you, how are you?

Guardian of Truth XXXI: 6, pp. 161, 182
March 19, 1987

By W. Frank

The Song of Solomon celebrates the beauty and blessings of marital love. It is inspired by the architect of marriage -God. This most intimate, intense relationship known among men was made in heaven and given to mankind for his good. Marriages today are in trouble. “At least one in every five U.S. couples needs professional counseling. . . . Marital distress has become the number one mental-health problem in this country” (Reader’s Digest, November 1986, p. 161). With almost 1 in 2 marriages ending in divorce, the Song of Solomon can provide divine insight that will help us enjoy and enrich the marital bond.

1. A Life-long Union. Solomon indulged in polygamy, but the ideal from the beginning is one man joined to one woman for life. Solomon and his Shulamite bride extol the bliss of being joined together in a physical and spiritual union. “I am my beloved’s and my beloved is mine” (6:3, NASB; see 2:16).

Marriage is where a man and woman are joined by God as one flesh, to share a life of mutual love, honor, fidelity, forbearance and friendship (Gen. 2:24). Marriage is not a 50150 proposition, but a 100/100 mutual partnership of total commitment to make the marriage work. Jesus reaffirms this (Matt. 19:4-9). It’s no longer “me” but “we.” Marriage is not looking at each other as much as it is looking together in the same direction. To “become one flesh” is a process, where two personalities blend together to enrich, support and compliment the other.

“Leave and cleave” is God’s way; sometimes parents and in-laws (or the out-laws) have a hard time cutting the apron strings. But they must be careful not to mettle in or upset this new relationship.

2. Growing, Intense Love. A “let’s try it and see how it works” attitude will not make a marriage work. A house is made of brick and stone, but a home is made by love alone.

“Put me like a seal over your heart, like a seal on your arm. For love is as strong as death, jealousy is as severe as Sheol; its flashes are flashes of fire, the very flame of the Lord. Many waters cannot quench love, nor will rivers overflow it; if a man were to give all the riches of his house for love, it would be utterly despised” (8:6-7). The growing, all-consuming power of love in marriage is sacred and beautiful. A “seal” shows ownership of a cherished possession. She asks to be Solomon’s most prized treasure, which would influence his thoughts (“heart”) and actions (“arm”). Love’s influence will smoothly lubricate the marriage. Love can be as powerful and absolute as “death.” Love is zealously exclusive and possessive as the grave (“Sheol”), in the good sense of mutual, genuine care. Love’s passionate energy always shines through, like “fire.” Love isn’t quenched by challenges, but has invincible power to persevere against all odds. We must learn to trust in the Lord to develop such love, since He is its author and support. “Marriage is for those who love God and one another.” The Shulamite bride states that love is priceless. It cannot be bought at any price. Marriage is not as much finding the right person but being the right person. Money problems are a major source of marital strife. Superficial material things cannot prop up a marriage for long. A couple can live in a house and be strangers because they gave each other lots of things but not each other. “Better is a dish of vegetables where love is, than a fatted ox and hatred with it” (Prov. 15:17).

3. Communication. Solomon and his bride repeatedly extol each other as “my darling” (2:2, 10) and “my beloved” (5: 10; 7:11). Verbal affirmations of love come from the heart, helping to maintain intimacy while preventing us from taking each other for granted. When should we tell our wives we love them? Before some one else does! Let’s not be like the groom that said to his bride, “I said I loved you today, and if I ever change my mind I’ll let you know.” Words of love and appreciation cost nothing, but are a priceless treasure (Prov. 25:11).

We need to recognize and discuss little problems before they become big ones. “Catch . the little foxes that are ruining the vineyards, while our vineyards are in blossom” (2:15). The “little foxes” of little irritations and unresolved misunderstandings will fester and be recycled in bickering bouts and critical cut downs. We can send a marriage to an early grave with a series of little digs. Communication degenerates into irritated lashes and defensively raised voices.

Husbands, are you insensitive, unperceptive or uncaring of your wife’s feelings and viewpoint? A man who abuses his headship to show he wears the pants in the family, in reality doesn’t. Find out what’s important to your wife and let her know you care and want to be helpful. Wives, do you sometimes like to second guess your husband’s judgment? Do you threaten his leadership role by being bossy, critical or overly demanding? The story is told that a gas station attendant was filling up a couple’s car. They looked as if they hadn’t talked for the last 200 miles. When he was about to clean the husband’s side of the windshield, which was the driver’s side, he quipped, “Don’t wipe my side! All the driving is done on her side!” Wives, when you feel like criticizing your husband’s decision, just remember who he decided to ask to marry!

Trivial things need not explode into major fights. The underlying cause of tension must be identified, discussed and solved. Husbands, since you’re the head, take charge and have a “marital summit” to discuss how your marriage can be improved.

Praise works wonders. It helps us to see the good in each other, so we’ll not dwell on our spouse’s shortcomings. Solomon praised his bride: “like a lily among the thorns, so is my darling among the maidens” (2:2); “how beautiful and delightful you are, my love, with all your charms! ” (7:6; see 2:15; 6:9) Loving compliments communicate her precious, irreplaceable worth. She said of him, “How handsome you are, my beloved, and so pleasant!” and “my beloved is dazzling and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand” (1:16; 5:10). Wives, be your husband’s number one fan. When spouses magnify each other’s flaws, this sows seeds of discontent. Sincere compliments help us see the wonderful, positive traits in our spouse. It helps to remind us why we fell in love with them.

4. Maintain Personal Appearance. Solomon and his bride extol each other’s comely appearance (1:8; 2:2; 5:10). “You have made my heart beat faster with a single glance of your eyes” (4:9). Sex is not dirty or wrong. It is God’s idea (Prov. 5:15-19; Heb. 13:4). It is lawfully enjoyed in marriage. The lust of sinful men pervert the beauty of this intimate act.

Personal hygiene and a pleasing appearance is important: “the fragrance of your breath is like apples” (7:8). We’re not attractive if we go around the house looking like Mr./Mrs. City Dump. Ladies, it’s important to be a good housekeeper, but if you always smell like you’ve been dipped in Pine Sol, this isn’t the perfume of romance. We need not let ourselves go as the years pass by. A pleasing appearance is a good investment.

5. Keep the Honeymoon Spirit Alive. Marriage is much more enjoyable if we make a fuss over our spouse instead of fussin’ at them. She said of Solomon, “He has brought me to his banquet hall, and his banner over me is love” (2:4). He obviously made a fuss over his bride. Husbands, do you continue to romance your wife? Is it obvious to others that you’ve put your wife on the pedestal of your heart? What did we do to win our wife’s heart and hand? Shouldn’t we do the same to keep her? Make a date with her this month! Wives, coddle your husband often. He loves the special treatment.

Solomon and his bride took walks in the countryside together in springtime (2:10). They took vacations together (7:11). Invest some time and money and to do things and go places together. Shared memories of pleasant times together will enrich and strengthen a marriage.

6. Develop Deeper Friendship. Solomon and his bride were best friends. “This is my beloved and this is my friend” (5:16). By becoming one flesh, a husband and wife become best friends. Marital friendship means we can bare our soul, sharing our innermost hopes, dreams, pains and fears without the fear of ridicule, misunderstanding or being ignored. We develop common interests. We share sorrow and disappointments, along with joys untold. We enjoy being with each other, because we’re on the same side, cooperating for the common good toward a common goal.

Kind consideration shouldn’t become extinct after the courtship. Solomon was deemed “so pleasant” (1:16). She was considered “altogether beautiful . . . my perfect one” (4:7; 5:2). Courtesy helps us to remember our manners, to be understanding and patient.

Let’s look to God and follow His divine instructions, so we can reap the benefits of this wonderful union. I’m so thankful God has blessed me with a wonderful helper, Debbi.

Guardian of Truth XXXI: 6, pp. 163-164
March 19, 1987

By Elmer Moore

In his second negative brother Wade declares that my second affirmative was a “masterpiece in subterfuge and circumlocution,” and that I tried to “evade clear responsibility and duty.” He seems to think that all he has to do is just assert something and that makes it the truth. Both of his articles have been introduced in this fashion. You, the reader, must decide who has done what in this exchange. I believe you, are intelligent enough to do so. His tactics of assertion are evident. He takes the liberty of asserting what I and others have said. I suppose that he feels no obligation to be correct in the statements he makes. Who does he think he is that he can just assert matters without proof?You can decide if I used “subterfuge” (deception to conceal) or “circumlocution” (use an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea) and tried to evade (avoid facing up to) the matters that have been presented, in view of the fact that most of the affirmative arguments I made have gone virtually unnoticed.

“The Real Issue”

Under the above heading the negative charged me with admitting “that there is neither command nor necessary inference justifying (my emph. e.m.) their use.” Did you notice how he changed what I said in my second affirmative? I said that if there was a command or necessary inference demanding their use “it would not be a matter of liberty. ” He has changed his terminology! He first insisted that I find where my practice was demanded, and when I said there was no such demand, he charges me with saying that they were not justified! This is reckless! He then states, “We know by his own admission, that a plurality of cups is not taught (my emph. e.m.) by “ample, command, or necessary inference.” Notice what this man has written. He has equated the terms demanded, justified and teach. Tell us brother, does the Bible teach your practice of preaching the gospel by means of television? If it does, it is justified? But, if it is justified it is demanded – according to your reasoning!

He takes his ridiculous concept of how a matter is authorized, then charges me with a consequence of it. I pointed out that the Bible did not demand the use of a plurality of drinking vessels. He then charged that I admit that “there is neither command nor necessary inference justifying their use.” After building this false concept of how to establish authority he advanced to the next step and declared, “We know by his own admission, that a plurality of cups is not taught by “ample, command, or necessary inference.” I have admitted no such thing. I emphatically stated, “Every passage that teaches the obligation to drink the fruit of the vine, is a passage that authorizes a plurality of drinking vessels.” It is one thing to state that an argument logically demands a certain conclusion, but this man recklessly asserts that I “admit” such. This is uncalled for and only indicates the frustration of the negative, in building and fighting a strawman.

It was much easier for him to engage in an unnecessarily large number of words in false charges than it was for him to address himself to what I said about authority. He chose to brush it aside by saying that it was “ridiculous and totally without biblical authority.” Do you suppose that the negative doesn’t understand the nature of general authority? Yes, he understands general authority when he wants to defend many of his practices, but denies others the same right. He is guilty of special pleading. He will not level the same criticism at his practice that he does toward others. We insist that the negative tell us where is the command, example or necessary inference for the following: (1) a plate for the bread in the Lord’s supper; (2) a song leader; (3) a song book; (4) the use of radio or television for preaching the gospel; (5) a plate or basket for the contribution; or (6) a baptistry. Tell us brother, are these things authorized? If so, are they authorized by command, example or necessary inference? If they are authorized, are they demanded? And will you also tell us if a matter demanded may be ignored with impunity? Your brethren, along with me and my brethren, await your answer! Surely you must think the above are authorized. If not do you and your brethren practice those things that are unauthorized? But remember, according to you, if they are authorized they are demanded! What our brother has done is substitute the word demanded for the word mention. He used to talk about a matter not being mentioned as being unscriptural, he was shown to be so inconsistent that he has coined a new word. However, it has gotten him in trouble.

“Implicit Authority”

The negative is a master at misrepresentation. He will misrepresent me and then charge me with an inconsistency based on the misrepresentation. He stated, “We know by his own admission, that a plurality of cups is not taught by example, command, or necessary inference.” This is a glaring misrepresentation! I never admitted any such thing. He then states, “Well, says the affirmative, they are implied.” He now completes his effort to show my inconsistency. I must believe that a matter may be implied though not authorized by “command, example, or necessary inference.” I believe no such thing. The negative talks about “implicit authority” in such a way as to indicate that he doesn’t believe there is such. Tell us, do you believe there is such a thing as “Implicit Authority”? If so, is such established by command, example or necessary inference? Don’t evade!

“Straw Man”

In this section the negative further demonstrates his frustration by attributing a statement to me that he made and then charging me with a contradiction. He “quoted” me as saying that, “the container is never under consideration when the word cup is used in the Lord’s supper accounts.” Then he quotes my statement, d ta container is necessary to contain liquid.” I deny the first statement! It occurs in my second affirmative, third paragraph. In this place I was referring to what the negative had accused me of saying. I denied it then! I deny it now! Do you suppose that the negative is guilty of subterfuge? I have continually argued that, “Every passage that requires us to drink the fruit of the vine teaches us that a container is necessary.” I have never denied this. My point has been that the number is not essential. You, the reader, know this, whether the negative does or not.

“Out Of It”

The negative is a master at referring to something you say without looking at the main thrust of the argument and he did this on the term “out of. ” I fail to see how his reference to Thayer on the use of the genitive helps him. His contention is that everyone drinking of a container must touch his lips to that same vessel. You would think, by his argument, that Thayer lists 1 Corinthians 9:7 under the statement, “with the genitive denoting the drink of which as a supply one drinks.” But my friends he does not. This is just another instance of the negative’s assertions. He implies that the English translations are not sufficient and that what your Bible says may mislead you. You must have the negative to guide you. The expression does not demand that the lips must touch the same container to drink of it and our brother would not make this argument in any other situation when you have parallel language.

“Parallels”

He did not deny my charge that he took the “language of Jesus which is obviously metaphorical, and compared it with his coffee illustration that is literal.” He simply endeavors to prove that there was a literal container involved in each. Who denies it? He wants to know if the cup was the coffee and in his illustration, metaphorically, yes.

“Spiritual Significance”

The mistake that the negative made, to which I referred, was that of using about, “one-fourth of his article . . . to give a lesson on the laws of language.” I said, “He ignores the fact that Jesus used highly metaphorical language.” My argument was on the fallacy of applying the general laws of language to figurative expressions (Bullinger’s Figures of Speech, pp. 738-741). 1 still say that a man with his background ought to know better. As to his “circumlocution” on grammar I said, “What does he prove: that there was literal bread, juice and a vessel? Who denies it?” Why should I devote time and space to something I do not deny?

In an effort to show that the statements of Matthew and Mark are teaching something different than that of Luke and Paul, our brother takes a portion of what Mark says. Note his chart that he gave in his first negative. He states, “The following parallel demonstrates the significance of the cup.” “This (bread) is my body” (Lk. 22:19). “This (fruit of the vine) is my blood” (Mk. 14:24). “This cup is the New Testament in my blood” (Lk. 22:20). The second and third statements are the ones in dispute, thus I address them. He presents a partial truth. The following is a chart illustrating the whole truth!

“This is my blood of the New Testament” (Mk. 14:24).

“This is the New Testament in my blood” (Lk. 22:20).

You will note that the negative deleted the phrase “of the New Testament” stated in Mark’s text. Yet he would have you to believe that he is looking at these passages fairly. The two statements are teaching the same thing. The negative knows that the order of record is not necessarily the order of occurrence. Notice also, that he makes the first two statements figurative explaining in parenthesis the figure; but makes the third statement literal. The Catholics will make the first and second literal and the third figurative language in the doctrine of transubstantiation. The two errors are the result of failing to understand the use of figurative language. The negative barely noticed my argument. I called attention to the fact that both Paul and Luke were using the figure of speech of metonomy, i.e., the container for the contents. The record indicates that they were to “divide” the cup and “drink” it. Thayer on page 533 states, “by metonomy of the container for the contained, the contents of the cup, what is offered to be drunk” (Lk. 22:20b; 1 Cor. 11:28sq). Both of these writers are talking about the contents. Obviously, then, in whatever sense the “cup” is the New Testament it is the contents and not the container. I wish he would have addressed this in his second negative so I could have replied. His only comment was, “I wonder, the contents of what?” It is the contents of the container named to suggest that which was significant – the fruit of the vine.

“What Does He Really Believe”

Those who read this exchange are capable of understanding what I believe, even though the negative indicated he doesn’t. I wrote in my first affirmative a simple explanation of what I believed. I said, “First allow me to give a brief explanation of this statement (referring to Matt. 26:26-29). Jesus declared that the bread was a fair representation of His body and the cup, which He identified as the fruit of the vine (v. 29), was a fair representation of His blood that served to ratify the New Testament. Our Lord used metaphorical language declaring that “one thing is another.” The negative may not believe the foregoing but he certainly must understand what I believe.

“His Problem”

Under the above heading the negative refers to C. E. Holt and G. C. Brewer about the introduction of multiple vessels. If he could prove that this was so it would have nothing whatever to with whether a plurality of drinking vessels were scriptural, unless the negative believes that tradition is a valid means of determining scriptural authority. He misrepresents Alford, Jamieson, Faucett & Brown on 1 Corinthians 10:16.

Summary of the Debate

Allow me to remind the reader of the arguments that I have advanced that the negative has not answered. I made an extensive argument on the purpose of the Lord’s Supper showing that Jesus said, “This do in remembrance of me” (Lk. 22:19; 1 Cor. 11:24). The negative took no issue with my statement that, “Whatever is essential to the keeping of this memorial must have some specific bearing on the design or purpose of that memorial,” (1st. Affirm., par. 4). I showed that the word remembrance meant, “not in memory of but in an affectionate calling of the person himself to mind.” I have advanced arguments showing that the “bread” and the “fruit of the vine” met the demands of the design (see 1st article) but the container does not. I also presented arguments based on Matthew 26:26-28 showing that there were two elements of significance. I introduced 1 Corinthians 10:16 noting that there were only two elements of significance (see 1st article). These arguments went virtually unnoticed by the negative.

Under the section entitled “Bible Authority for a Plurality of Drinking, Vessels” I presented a formulated argument showing that When the Lord authorizes an action, that whatever is necessary to carry out that action and what is expedient, is contained in the authorized action, unless it violates other principles of Bible teaching.” I illustrated this with the command to sing. I pointed out that the vessel was included in the command to drink but that the number was incidental.

Guardian of Truth XXXI: 5, pp. 149-150, 153
March 5, 1987

By Ronny Wade

The Real Issue

The real issue in this discussion is whether or not the New Testament authorizes the use of a plurality of cups (containers) to distribute the fruit of the vine in the Lord’s supper. For such a practice to be authorized it must either be exemplified, commanded, or necessarily inferred. The affirmant has already admitted that “cups” are not exemplified, i.e. he cannot read verbatim about them being used. Thus he must either find a command demanding their use or some passage that necessarily infers their usage. By his own admission he believes the church of the first century used them (GOT, 1/2/86). What causes him to reach this conclusion? Nothing in the first affirmative pointed to the fact that they were used, by the Lord at the institution of the supper or that the early church employed their use. On what basis then may we assert the first century church used them?

Assertions of the Affirmative

The two main arguments used in the preceding article were: (1) The cup is the fruit of the vine, hence a container is never under consideration when the word cup is used in the Lord’s supper accounts. (2) The container has no significance, therefore the number used is incidental. Both assertions are false.

First of all it should be pointed out that the New Testament never says, “This cup is my blood,” or “This cup is the fruit of the vine.” What the record does say is this, “He took the cup” (Mt. 26:27). The word translated cup is poterion in the Greek. The scholars say that in Matthew 26:27 the word is used literally and means “a drinking vessel” (cf. Robinson; “a drinking vessel,” Vine; “a cup, a drinking vessel,” Thayer; “drinking vessel,” Young).

What Did Jesus Do?

“He took the cup.” Took (“to take with the hand,” Thayer p. 870), thus Jesus took something with His hand. What? A cup, “a drinking vessel” (Thayer p. 533). He then gave (“reach out, extend, present,” Thayer p. 145) what He took, to His disciples and commanded them to drink from it, “drink ye all of it” or “from it” or “out of it.” It is obvious then that the cup He took and gave was not empty, but contained something which Jesus identifies as the fruit of the vine. The disciples had no difficulty understanding what Jesus wanted them to do for Mark records, “They all drank of it” (Mk. 14:23), i.e., they all drank “from or out of” it.

Parallel

The following parallel will help us grasp the teaching of Matthew 26:27-28.

“And He took the cup, and gave thanks and gave it to them, saying, drink ye all of it. For this is my blood of the New Testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins, but I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until the day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”

He picked up the cup (container) and drank it (contents) and sighed gustily saying, “this is good coffee.”

Notice (1) cup is literal in both places. (2) This and it both refer back to cup (literal) but the pronouns (this, it) refer by metonymy to the contents of the cup. (Cup is still literal and cup does not become the contents). (3) The fruit of the vine was not the cup. The coffee was not the cup.

The fact that Jesus refers to the contents of the cup by saying, “this is my blood,” does not in any way negate the fact that He took a literal cup and commanded His disciples to drink from it.

Bible Commands

Christ commanded the disciples to drink of one cup. “And He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them saying, drink ye all of it” (Mt. 26:27). The disciples understood the command and “they all drank of it” (Mk. 14:23).

Paul commands us to keep the communion as he delivered it. “Now I praise you brethren, that ye remember me in all things and keep the ordinances, as I delivered them to you” (1 Cor. 11:2). “For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, . . . after the same manner also He took the cup, when He had supped, saying, this cup is the New Testament in my blood” (1 Cor. 11:23-25). Paul also commands an assembly to “drink of that cup. ” He delivers instructions applying “when ye come together to eat” (1 Cor. 11:33). The command is, “but let a man examine himself and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup” (1 Cor. 11:28). Thus an assembly of the church which has “come together to eat” (v. 33) should “drink of” (out of, from) that cup (v. 28). A congregation that drinks from cups fails to obey the commands of both Jesus and Paul.

The contention of the affirmative that “every passage that teaches the obligation to drink the fruit of the vine, is a passage that authorizes a plurality of drinking vessels (Lk. 22:19),” is ridiculous and totally without biblical foundation. I had just as well contend that every passage that teaches the obligation to support gospel preachers, authorizes an indirect plan of support or that every passage that teaches the obligation to support the needy, authorizes the support of non-saints as well as saints. The truth of the matter is this; every passage that teaches the obligation to drink the fruit of the vine, also teaches that we are to “drink of (or out of) that cup.” When cups are used, the command is disobeyed and the example disregarded. The entire energy of the affirmative’s first argument was designed to prove that the Bible doesn’t mean what it says, i.e. cup is not a cup. Remember, had the Bible said, “He took the cups,” or “He took the fruit of the vine,” this discussion would be unnecessary. What the Bible could have said that would have allowed the use of a plurality of containers, it did not say. On the other hand, what it did say, excludes a plurality and that is why it becomes necessary for the affirmative in this discussion to try to explain it away.

Spiritual Significance

Any matter or thing which has been designated by God’s word to be a part of Christian worship, is spiritually significant. Examples: (1) The first day of the week is spiritually significant because God designated it to be the day of worship (Acts 20:7). (2) Fruit of the vine is spiritually significant because God designated it to be an emblem of Christ’s blood (Mt. 26:28). We have no right to demand that a matter lacking spiritual significance be preserved. But by the same token we cannot deny a matter or thing the spiritual significance given it by God in His word. When we demand the spiritual significance be preserved, we have made no law; we are merely contending for what has been revealed in the Bible.

The significance of the cup may be seen in at least two ways: (1) Jesus took a cup containing the fruit of the vine and commanded the disciples to drink out of it. Whatever else He might have done, this is what He did and that cannot be overlooked in preference for what I might like to do. (2) The following parallel demonstrates the significance of the cup:

This (bread) is my body (Lk. 22:19) This (fruit of vine) Is my blood (Mk. 14:24) This cup is the New Testament in my blood (Lk. 22:20)

(1) These three statements are contextual, analogical, syntactical and grammatical parallels in their essential particulars.

(2) Each has a subject and a predicate joined by the copula “is.”

(3) Each embraces a metaphor which is a figure of comparison and which is suggested by “is” in which usage “is” carries with it the idea “represents.”

(4) Each also embraces a prolepsis, “is given,” itis shed,” anticipatory language, in which a future event is spoken of as an accomplished fact.

(5) The subject of each is a literal something.

(6) If bread is literal and the fruit of the vine is literal, then the cup is literal.

(7) If after Christ made these statements, the bread was still literal bread but with a spiritual significance, and the fruit of the vine was still literal fruit of the vine but with a spiritual significance, then the cup was still a literal cup but with a spiritual significance.

(8) If when Christ said of the bread, “This is my body, which is given for you,” the bread and the body of Christ were two different things but with a spiritual relationship; and if when Christ said of the fruit of the vine, “This is My blood of the new testament, which is shed for many,” the fruit of the vine and the shed blood were two different things but with a spiritual relationship; then when Christ said, “This cup is the new testament in My blood, which is shed for you,” the cup and the new testament were two different things but with a spiritual relationship.

(9) If the bread Christ took was literal bread before, when, and after He took it, and if the fruit of the vine He took was literal fruit of the vine before, when, and after He took it, then the cup He took was a literal cup before, when, and after He took it.

(10) Jesus was no more defining “cup” than He was defining “bread” and “fruit of the vine.” Bread was still bread. Fruit of the vine was still fruit of the vine. Cup was still a cup.

To deny the above is to deny what Jesus taught. There is a tremendous difference between: (1) this is my blood of the new testament and (2) this cup is the new testament in my blood.

The former teaches that the fruit of the vine represents the blood that ratified or sealed the new covenant. The latter teaches that the cup is emblematic of the new testament that was ratified by the blood. They are not the same at all. If we can understand the difference between the blood that ratified the covenant and the covenant itself, we should be able to see the difference in the symbols used by Christ to represent both.

1. His Body was sacrificed

2. His Blood was shed

3. The New Covenant was ratified

Implicit-Explicit

The statement that the drinking vessel is implicit in the command to drink, does not warrant the conclusion that the number is incidental. First of all the drinking vessel is named and specified (Mt. 26:27); let our brother deny it. If it is specified and named (as it is) then we can conclude that it is taught explicitly (i.e. “clearly developed with all its elements apparent”). The number is not incidental because Jesus specified the number (i.e. “a cup,” “the cup”). Paul specified “this cup,” “that cup.” There is no room for a plurality in New Testament teaching. To teach that cups are taught implicitly is to teach something totally foreign to the Scripture. Our brother has failed to find an approved “ample, divine command, or necessary inference for his practice. He has been unable to substantiate his contention by implicit teaching. The first affirmative utterly fails in its attempt to find biblical authorization for individual cups in the Lord’s supper.

Guardian of Truth XXXI: 5, pp. 143-144, 148
March 5, 1987