Truth Magazine

By Bill Hall

How thankful we should be for wonderful examples of courage that spur us on to greater strength in the Lord’s service.

Paul was just such an example: “And many of the brethren in the Lord, waxing confident by my bonds, are much more bold to speak the word without fear” (Phil. 1:14). These brethren, formerly timid and reticent, were drawing strength from the courage of Paul.

Other examples abound. Stephen’s plea, ‘Lord, lay not this sin to their charge,” surely had for its source of strength the forgiving spirit of the Lord (Acts 7:60). The Thessalonian church found a source of strength in the example of the churches in Judea (1 Thess. 2:14). The Philippian church, a model of courage and conviction, could no doubt trace much of its strength back to the wonderful example of patience and equanimity demonstrated by Paul and Silas while in their midst. The Hebrew Christians were admonished to “remember them that had the rule over you, men that spake unto you the word of God; and considering the issue of their life, imitate their faith” (Heb. 13:7).

Christians of this generation are similarly drawing strength from the courage of others. Young men who refuse to miss

services of the church to play on a ball team; young women who refuse to be seen in public in scanty attire; businessmen who would lose their jobs rather than compromise their convictions; women who continue to adorn themselves in “meek and quiet spirits” whatever the sophisticated world thinks or says of them; sick people who bear their afflictions with patience and faith; elderly people who continue to attend worship when they are hardly able to go anywhere else; dying people who demonstrate how Christians ought to die; all are sources of strength and courage for others as they face similar circumstances. These all share a common spirit with the great characters of the Bible: they see in their temptations, trials, afflictions, and persecutions a special opportunity to be like Christ, to demonstrate their fidelity to Him, and to provide a source of strength for those who might be weak and wavering around them. They seize the opportunity and stand, and all of us are stronger because of them. Of these courageous people this world truly is not worthy.

Are we, however, to be always on the receiving end of the strength of others? As we draw strength from the courage of others, we must in turn become sources of strength and courage. Others look to us. Each of us has a “charge to keep,” and “God to glorify,” a present age to serve,” and in the words of Charles Wesley we seek God’s assistance:

Help me to watch and pray

And on Thyself rely;

Assured if I my trust betray

I shall forever die.

Guardian of Truth XXIX: 17, p. 520
September 5, 1985

By Jimmy Tuten

It has been said repeatedly that it takes the personal touch which radiates a genuine interest in the lost and a willingness to spend and be spent in order to bring people to a knowledge of truth. The lack of meaningful growth of the church of the eighties is a problem of serious proportion. It cannot be denied that we grow in direct proportion to our personal activities through visitation, home studies, and other forms of teaching. We cannot ignore the power of personal contact in dealing with people.

Why is it then, that so few who are members of the church take the work of reaching the lost with the saving gospel of Christ as seriously as preachers wish they would? Why have most of our efforts as preachers evolved around attempts to constantly prod brethren to visit and teach? The answer is obvious: Congregations as a whole have not caught the vision “of turning the world upside down.” So much time is spent trying to “train” church members for acceptable labor that not much energy is left for converting unbelievers. But if we truly believe (as did the early church of the first century) in the great commission of our Lord we will leave no stone unturned in our efforts to go into all the world, beginning in our own community (Matt. 28:19-20).

We see the truth of this, but we do not feel it! We know what we ought to do, yet we have not felt the awfulness of the guilt of our failure. This simply points up the fact that it is not enough to convince brethren how the great commission applies to them and how practical it is for them to act it out in a sincere, genuine way-but we must “persuade men” just as one would in converting people to obey the gospel (Acts 2:40; 2 Cor. 5:11). We know full well that many brethren see their duty in this regard and still neglect it! So it takes some urging, some motivation some determination to act as we propose. A mere appeal to the feelings of the individual is not sufficient. But note that there is a big difference between motivation and manipulation. Too, some are masters at motivation (Jerry Falwell, etc.) who have yet to teach those they seek to move to become children of God (the only way to become a Christian is in response to the call of the gospel, or the motivations of the Lord, Acts 22:16; 2 Thess. 2:14)). There is truly a difference in biblical motivations for reaching the lost and the manipulations of men which appeal purely to emotions rather than reason. We must not manipulate-we must motivate!

What Is Motivation?

Motivation has been defined as giving “impetus to, to incite, to impel” (Webster). This involves “motive,” which in itself takes in the inner drive, or intention that causes one to act a certain way. “Persuasion” (often used as a synonym) is that process by which one is caused to do something by inducement, the urging or prevailing upon, especially by reason. In Let’s Go Fishing For Men, Homer Hailey cites a quotation that cuts to the heart of the concept of motivation, i.e., being led to action by inner forces and desires (p. 130), or more specifically, acting upon one’s feelings. Motivation comes from within. But it is not mere appeal to one’s feelings that brings the best motivational results. It is done by urging some motive for action.

Some motivational techniques are nothing more than carrot-and-stick approaches (reward and punishment). This does not work too well in personal work because there are not enough direct or visible rewards sufficient to get people into homes. To try to induce brethren to volunteer for personal work by using punishment (sometimes called a negative reinforcement) as an inducement only drives them further away. There is a difference in manipulating brethren to work and in conversion (2 Cor. 5:11). This is why the so-called “specialists” in the church, i.e., religious education ministers, campaign ministers, bus ministers, etc. are dangerous. Instead of specializing in the Bible where true motivation comes from in the first place, they have developed a sinful manipulation approach and the use of gimmickry. This approach to motivating brethren is based upon the belief that brethren act generally by forces that are not really connected with the thing they are trying to get brethren to accomplish (so they use a $5 bill under a bus seat, swallowing gold fish to stimulate attendance, etc.). The psychologists refer to this as extrinsic forces (Douglas McGregor, The Human Side of Enterprise [New York: McGraw-Hill, 1960], pp. 33-34).

McGregor discusses another concept that is nearer the truth taught in the Bible (pp. 47-48). Applied to our discussion this simply means that brethren are willing to expend effort and will exercise self-control in the area of objectives to which they are committed. In other words, commitment as a Christian motivates him to do what God expects him to do. I must confess that while some understanding of motivational concepts is good, I am opposed to most of what I am seeing in the liberal churches (and occasionally among conservative brethren). So much of it constitutes something quite different from the “persuade men” concept of the Bible (2 Cor. 5:11).

There is yet a third concept of motivation, i.e., understanding why people do what they do (Susan Davidson Schaefer, The Motivation Process [Cambridge: Winthrop Publishers, 1977], p. 3). Some of the theories (whether they are accurate or not does not fall within the confines of this treatise) that move people to act are:

(1) The need to satisfy certain basic requirements. These are physiological: food, rest, shelter, need for safety, social relationships, self-esteem and self-actualization.

(2) The need for personal recognition, job importance and opportunity for advancement.

(3) “Cognitive dissonance, ” i.e., getting what you expect from others. Applied to the church this means that if we have faith and vision we will see things happen. We preachers need this if we are to motivate.

(4) “Personal causation, ” i.e., to cause changes in one’s environment as a primary motivator. This is where the “Social Gospel” concept enters into the picture of some of our brethren. Too, this very concept is reaping havoc in the Catholic Church right at this time (U.S. News & World Report, “Behind Struggle For Power Inside Catholic Church,” May 27, 1985, pp. 32-34).

Some Abuses Among Brethren

There is a wide range of manipulations often disguised as motivation. One illustration that we can all identify with is the “Closing Technique” that we all will have to develop in our personal work if we are going to get people to obey the gospel. As a result of personal work and evangelism “workshops” certain techniques are proposed in getting responses from people to whom we teach the Bible. Some of these methods detract from the gospel of Christ. For example, getting a person to write a letter to the Lord telling Him why he does not want to obey the gospel is not going to get that person to respond if he does not see his need as a sinner, the Lord’s blood as the saving power of God and obedience in baptism as a means of fulfilling his needs (Rom. 6:1-6; Acts 2:39; 22:16). Why can’t our brethren see that this is a cheap ploy that humiliates people to the point of grudging baptism?

Again, what good does it do to use the play, “start to leave.” If our Lord’s death on Calvary and His love is not sufficient motivation to a sinful heart, what makes us think that the threat to walk out of a Bible study will do the job? One needs to read Acts 2 for the Bible principle of what “pricks the heart.”

A correct method of getting a response to a home study is to ask, only after you are certain that the prospect knows the truth about obeying the gospel (2 Thess. 1:7-9): “Is there anything that is keeping you from obeying the gospel right now?” This helps the prospect get to the heart of the principle, “Today is the day of salvation” (2 Cor. 6:2).

It should also be noted that there is an increase in a type of emotionalism that is only slightly milder than Pentecostalism. This is being witnessed in some of the Crossroads (now referred to as “Disciple Making”) workshops, etc., where the calculated use of audience response is worked over: “yes, Lord,” “hallelujah,” “that’s right,” and other responses from both men and women. If space permitted we could add things like turning down the lights during certain parts of worship, clapping hands, swaying and weaving, etc. I have yet to learn how such externals motivate spirituality.

Proper Guidelines

There are indeed proper guidelines for motivating people to do personal work. These are the same as those that are used in the Bible to cause a person to obey the gospel. Brother Homer Hailey gives six of these in his “everyone should be a Christian” section of Let’s Go Fishing For Men (p. 136). To the things he lists as motivators, such things as glorifying God, family responsibility, debt to society, the profitableness of godliness, the value of one’s soul and you can’t get to heaven except through Jesus Christ, should be added the fact that just as Jesus drew disciples to Himself by grateful and loving affection, we should give ourselves up to Him by not only saving ourselves, but them that hear us (1 Tim. 4:16). This is the principle of love for love (1 Jn. 5:3; Jn. 15:9). I am saying that the very guidelines used in the Bible to persuade men to obey the gospel are those that should motivate us. to want to share salvation with others so that it can truly become a common salvation. I would urge you to go back and re-read my earlier installment, “Why Brethren Continue To Do Personal Work,” in this journal (Vol. 29, May 16, 1985, No. 10, pp. 304-305).

Conclusion

As we look at the problems of motivation in the field of personal evangelism, the following questions are in order. Are our efforts in teaching one-on-one relying on mere manipulation? Is the result of our efforts that of gaining a following for ourselves, or for the Lord? Are we more concerned about getting people to obey the gospel than we are in how many people we can convert in home studies? Most important of all, do we know when to exhort with many others words, “save thyself from this untoward generation” (Acts 2:40), instead of applying pressure in a furor of emotionalism?

This is about all I know about motivation. Now I wish someone would help me with the problem: “how do I motivate my brethren to do personal work.” I only know what is in the Bible. I know the principles of persuasion found therein are right because they are God’s principles. If they do not move us, nothing will. The authority of the Great Commission is the authority of the Divine Incarnate, the Voice of God Himself, speaking in the utterances of man with austere purity and tender sympathy: “Go ye into all the world. . .” Amen!*

*I wish to give credit to Roy H. Lanier, Jr., for much of the adapted material found in this writing which was taken from a tape, “Proper Motivation In Evangelistic Preaching.”

Guardian of Truth XXIX: 17, pp. 523, 536
September 5, 1985

By Ronny Milliner

There are many different relationships we hold in this life. One may be a husband, wife, or child in the family relationship. One may be a student, employee, or employer. And one is a citizen of some country. Paul deals with the Christian’s duty to civil government in Romans 13:1-7.

The Charge Of The Exhortation

One of the Christian’s obligations to his government is to relinquish to it. “Let every soul be subject to the governing authorities,” writes Paul (13:1 a). He had further intructed Titus, “Remind them to be subject to rulers and authorities, to obey, to be ready for every good work” (Tit. 3:1). Peter also instructed, “Therefore submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord’s sake, whether to the king as supreme, or to governors, as to those who are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers and for the praise of those who do good” (1 Pet. 2:13-14). The Christian is not to try to overthrow the government or rebel against it. The only exception to this rule is when the government would have us do something contrary to God’s law (Acts 5:29). Then we must obey God rather than the government. So, in spite of whether I might like or agree with the government’s rules, I must submit to them.

Paul says a Christian should also remit taxes to the government. In verses 6-7a he writes, “For because of this you also pay taxes, for they are God’s ministers attending continually to this very thing. Render therefore to all their due: taxes to whom taxes are due, customs to whom customs.” It is a legitimate right of a government to tax its citizens. We may not like the amount of taxes we pay, and we may not like how the government uses the funds it collects, but we still have the obligation to pay those taxes. One may take advantage of the tax breaks the government provides for him, but he has no right to cheat the government out of what belongs to it. Jesus taught that we should render “to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s” (Mt. 22:15-22).

One other responsibility the Christian has to the civil authorities is to respect them. Paul continues, “fear to whom fear, honor to whom honor” (13:7b). The Roman Caesars were some of the most immoral and cruel people who have ever lived. Yet they were due respect because of the position they held. So today, a civic leader’s conduct may not be respectable, but we can and should still respect the position of authority which he holds. “Honor the king,” Peter says (1 Pet. 2:17).

The Cause Of The Exhortation

Why must we submit to the civil government? Paul gives three reasons in our text. The first reason is because of the control of God. Paul affirms, “For there is no authority except from God, and the authorities that exist are appointed by God. Therefore whoever resists the authority resists the ordinance of God, and those who resist will bring judgment on themselves” (13:1b-2). The Bible teaches that God is in control of the nations (Psa. 22:28; Acts 17:26; Rev. 1:5). He rules them with principles of righteousness (Psa. 9:17; Prov. 14:34). When one resists the established authorities, it is the same as resisting God, for He established those authorities. Such becomes a serious charge.

We should also submit to the civil forces because of the true charge of civil government. Verses three and four read:

For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to evil. Do you want to be unafraid of their authority? Do what is good, and you will have praise from the same. For he is God’s minister to you for good. But if you do evil, be afraid; for he does not bear the sword in vain; for he is God’s minister, an avenger to execute wrath on him who practices evil.

The basic function of government is twofold: “for the punishment of evildoers and for the praise of those who do good” (1 Pet. 2:14). In the exercise of its duty to punish the evildoers, the government has the right to use capital punishment. Paul realized this fact when he said concerning himself, “For if I am an offender, or have committed anything worthy of death, I do not object to dying” (Acts 25:11). In such cases the government is only acting as a minister of God to punish the evildoer.

The third reason given is because of conscience’s sake. “Therefore you must be subject, not only because of wrath but also for conscience’s sake” (13:5). To violate our conscience is sin (Rom. 14:23). The conscience is not a perfect guide as one can readily observe from the life of Paul (Acts 23:1). But to constantly go against it will defeat the purpose it has of pricking us when we do wrong. So for this reason we should obey the civil government.

Conclusion

As citizens, let us live so as to receive praise from our government. When we do have complaints against the laws of our land, let us use the proper channels to express those grievances and not be found in rebellion against the authorities appointed by God.

Guardian of Truth XXIX: 16, p. 502
August 15, 1985

By S. Leonard Tyler

One day Jesus went into the temple and while He was teaching, the chief priest and the elders of the people asked Him, “By what authority doest thou these things? and who gave thee this authority?” (Matt. 21:23) This was and is a most important question. In fact, is there any question more important in matters of religion? Have you ever stopped long enough to examine your own doctrine to see if it is from heaven or men? It might be wise for all of us to do that.

What does it mean for something to be from heaven? It means that the teaching originates with and comes from God. And to be “of man” means to originate with and come from man. If it is from heaven, one can and must find it in the word of God. If one cannot find his beliefs sustained in the divine record, it is “of man.”

Jesus turned their question on them. He asked, “The baptism of John, whence was it? from heaven, or of men?” (Matt. 21:25) They reasoned, “If we shall say, From heaven; he will say unto us, Why did ye not then believe?” They were afraid to say, “Of men,” because of the people’s reaction. They said, “We cannot tell.” It was not because they did not know-they did-but because they did not want to be caught in their own trap.

This seems to be the reason so many religious people are reluctant to answer today. They recognize the teaching of Jesus as being from heaven-but will not accept it. They also understand that one has every right to ask, if they say, “From heaven,” “Why do you not accept it?” There is not a reason under heaven that can offset such an argument. Or could it be that many recognize their doctrine is not in the Bible? It did not originate in heaven and they are ashamed to admit that it is of men. So, be honest with yourself in your search for the answer, “From heaven, or of men?”

The Standard Of Measurement Used Classifies The Individual

Paul writing to the Corinthians said,

“For we dare not make ourselves of the number, or compare ourselves with some that commend themselves: but they measuring themselves by themselves, and comparing themselves among themselves, are not wise” (2 Cor. 10: 12). It has always been a human weakness to measure and compare himself with others and endeavor to adjust his own practices by that standard. Style is a good illustration. However, it is not the only thing impressed upon us by what other people do. Our own children use the argument, “Everybody is doing it,”.or “I feel like an outcast, an odd ball, a square, or just ‘out of it’ if I don’t accept it.” But all of us know full well that such reasoning will lead further and further away from a straight course in, life. It will lead one into whatever goes or wherever the wind blows or the tide flows. People are fickle, changing, and there is no end to the corruptions into which this philosophy of life will lead. We cry and rightly should, “No, son or daughter, you cannot be governed by what others do. You must act upon principles — what is right — not on what others do or say. Think for yourself, you will surely have to accept the consequences of your own actions.

But what about it in religion? Must we act upon what others are doing? Or must we not act upon divine principles, yea, truth itself? Because it is one thing for sure-we will reap what we sow. We must, in the final day of the Lord, the day of judgment, accept the consequences of our own lives.

Some Questions To Be Answered

The doctrine of faith only — is it “from heaven, or of men”? The Bible teaches faith and no believer will even question that. But does it teach faith only? John 3:16 teaches that God’s love demands faith but not “faith only.” Romans 5:1 says, “justified by faith” but it does not say “faith only. ” James 2:24 states, “Ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and not by faith only.” Paul said, “Neither circumcision availeth anything, nor uncircumcision, but faith which worketh by love” (Gal. 5:6). Therefore, the “faith only” doctrine cannot be from heaven and has got to be from men. Yet, you say, “But so many people teach and believe it.” True, but are you going to be governed by what man thinks and does, or by what God thinks and teaches? Are you measuring yourself by others or by God’s eternal standard?

Is the doctrine of salvation before baptism “from heaven, or of men”? Jesus is the Savior, all agree. What does He say about it? He said, “He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved” (Mk. 16:16). Peter said, “Repent, and be baptized every one of you . . . for the remission of sins,” and, “The like figure, whereunto, even baptism doeth also now save us” (Acts 2:38; 1 Pet. 3:21). Paul wrote that “all spiritual blessings” are in Christ, and he said, “For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ” (Gal. 3:27; Rom. 6:4). One is made free from sin after he obeys or at his obedience, not before (Rom. 6:17-18; 1 Pet. 1:22). Christ is the author of salvation to all who obey Him (Heb. 5:9). So the doctrine of salvation before baptism is not from heaven-then it must be of men. By which standard are you living?

Is sprinkling from heaven or of men? The New Testament teaches one is buried with Christ in baptism and is raised to walk in newness of life (Rom. 6:4; Col. 2:12). Every illustration given in the Bible proves this same truth. Then neither sprinkling nor pouring is from heaven, but of men. The word baptism means immersion. It is from the root bapto and means “to dip.” This is from heaven! Why will you not accept it?

Is the doctrine of one church is just as good as another from heaven or of men? Christ said, “I will build my church.” The inspired writers said, “He is the head of the church which is his body,” or “He is the head of the body, the church,” and also said, “There is one body” (Eph. 1:22-23; Col. 1:15; Eph. 4:4). Then to emphasize it a little more, Christ is the foundation of the church (1 Cor. 3:11; Eph. 5:23). Does this sound any way like “one church is as good as another”? No, that is not from heaven but of men.

Are The Organizational, Centralized, And Sponsoring Church Arrangements From Heaven Or Of Men?

Heaven’s divine arrangement for the church is the local church with her elders, deacons, and saints through which the Lord’s people are to function as such (Acts 14:23; Tit. 1:5; Phil. 1:1; 1 Tim. 3:1-13). This is the highest, biggest, and only Divine organization revealed in the Divine Volume and is a manifestation of the wisdom of Almighty God (Eph. 3: 10-11). The church of Christ is to endure throughout all ages, world without end and through it God receives glory (Eph. 3:21). The local organization is the divine plan to sustain the Lord’s people and in which they become the sustainers and promoters of the Truth (1 Tim. 3:15).

The church of Christ functioned in her completeness in the first century within this divine arrangement without any human attachments. (1) She preached the gospel to the whole world by sending out preachers and supporting them directly (Col. 1:23; Acts 11:22; Phil. 1:5; 4:15-16; 2 Cor. 11:8). In this sense, the church was her own missionary society-no human setups. (2) She edified or built herself up in the most holy faith without human organizations (Eph. 4:16). (3) She cared for her own needy or did her benevolent work so long as she was capable (Acts 2:44-45; 4:35-37; 6:1-7). If one church was unable to support her own, other churches helped the needy church (Acts 11:27-30; 1 Cor. 16:1-3; 2 Cor. 8-9; Rom. 15:25-28). This was accomplished within her own God-ordained arrangement.

This divine arrangement worked in the first century. The church held the identical relationship with God then as she has today. She had the same work to do and, I might add for emphasis, more than she could accomplish so far as man could visualize — the need for the gospel was everywhere, the church was young and needed building up, and the poor saints were waiting to be helped. Isn’t it strange that God did not design, Christ establish, nor the Holy Spirit reveal a single one of the human church — sponsoring, organizational, and centralizing arrangements through which to do the church’s work? Do you believe, if the Holy Spirit were here today revealing and confirming the Word, He would reveal and confirm these organizations and arrangements? Are they from “heaven, or of men?”

Why do we have these human arrangements through which the church functions now? To me, it is simple. We are using the wrong standard of measurement. The denominations have their big “set-ups” through which to work, and we believe that we should have the same. Yes, we are measuring ourselves by others. Brother J.F. Dancer, Jr., who preached for the church of Christ, 3474 Winchester Rd., Memphis, TN, had this paragraph in an article under “Double Sunday” in 1971:

The same reasoning led brethren to get the church engaged in acts not authorized in God’s Word. Some reasoned, “We have the Lutheran hour, the Catholic hour, Oral Roberts and Billy Graham, so we need a ‘church of Christ’ hour”and up came the Herald of Truth and World Radio. Others said, “We have the Baptist Hospital, the Methodist Hospital, St. Jude, etc., so we need a Church of Christ Hospital,” and we have some! Some reason that since we have the Salvation Army with the soup kitchens, the Good Will, and the various “downtown missions,” then we need some of our own-and we have them! Not much really care as to whether they were authorized by God, but since we heard of others who are religiously involving themselves in such we ought to do likewise! The ways of the world are not the ways of the Lord (Isa. 55:8-9; 1 Jn. 4:4-6) and the sooner brethren learn this, the better.

Are we not becoming like Israel of old and crying figuratively, “Make us a king to judge us like all the nations” (1 Sam. 8:5,20)? We say as they said, “It is working for them. It should work for us.” But we forget the real question, “Will it work for God.” The answer is — no! It will never work for God when man leaves God’s revealed way for his own (Jer. 10:23; Prov. 14:12).

I beg you to take time out to search the Scriptures daily and examine carefully your own beliefs to see if they are “of heaven, or of men.”

By what standard are we going? God’s revealed standard? Or, are we comparing ourselves with others and thereby deriving a standard of our own. Please remember that “God’s way is equal” regardless of what others try. It was equal in Ezekiel’s time although the people rejected it. “Yet ye say, The way of the Lord is not equal. Hear now, O house of Israel; Is not my way equal? are not your ways unequal?” (Ezek. 18:25)

The standard of measurement used classifies or identifies one. Those who study, believe, and obey the Message from heaven are of God, God’s children. Those who disregard God’s heavenly message and go about to establish their own righteousness, ignorantly or otherwise, are not of God. Any group who keeps itself within the doctrine of Christ belongs to Christ, Christ’s people, His church. But if and when any group or individual leaves the word of God and follows after the traditions, commandments, and doctrines of men, in that they cease to be of God (Matt. 15:9; Col. 2:18-19; Tit. 1:13-14).

Are you being directed from heaven, or of men? Are you measuring yourself by others or by the Divine Standard revealed in the Bible? By this we can know the children of God and the children of the Devil. He that is of God hears, believes, and obeys His will (Matt. 7:21).

Guardian of Truth XXIX: 17, pp. 513, 534-535
September 5, 1985